Chapter Five Part One

Having spent some time considering the competition side of the Wolverhampton firms, we should now turn to the vehicles they made to sell to the public. In 1925 Clyno introduced a new model which received an excellent write up in “Light Car & Cyclecar”.

The car was known as the 13h.p. and included a four cylinder side valve engine with cylinder dimensions of 69 x 100mm. Its 3 speed gearbox had right hand control and along with the spiral bevel rear axle was designed and manufactured in-house. Features included four wheel brakes, Dunlop 28” x 4.95” balloon tyres and excellent bodywork. Two and four seater versions were available as a tourer, saloon, or fixed and drop head coupe. The new Clyno was very good value at £245 for the two seater and £298 for the saloon. The “Royal” continued to be listed at £210 for the two seater and £38 more for the saloon.

At this time Star enlarged the 18h.p. side valve engine to 3.3 litres and designated it the 20/50. The sales literature included an o.h.v. sports model with four wheel brakes. The Bushbury body plant was now in operation and production included fabric bodies for the l8/50 Luna saloon, built by Holbrook and Taylor of nearby Park Lane. Weymann coachwork was also offered. Star were finding a ready sale for their commercial vehicles and during 1925 supplied vans to the well known London store Selfridges for their delivery fleet.

Sunbeam listed only three models for 1925, the 12/30 listed at £520, the 14/40 at £685, and the 20/60 costing £950. The two large cars had four wheel brakes and the 20/60 included a six cylinder engine. All had overhead valves and a three speed gearbox. At their Walsall Street factory Briton continued to turn out cars with their popular 9.5h.p. 1,373c.c. o.h.v. engine.

We will now look at motorcyc1es. The post war boom was over and many of Wolverhampton motorcycle and car firms had gone to the wall. Orbit had ceased production during 1924 although someone in Ranlegh Road was offering spares through to the 1930s. Olympic had given up in 1923 after introducing a cheap model under the New Courier name. Wolf also seem to have given up making motorcycles but would be back as a lightweight manufacturer. Even after the closures Wolverhampton was still an important centre of motorcycle production.

A.J.S. and Sunbeam were still making large quantities of very good machines and Diamond were building considerable numbers of excellent lightweight machines at their Vane Street works. The established manufacturers were now joined by HRD who produced high quality and sporting machines.
Sunbeam's range had changed little since the previous year except that drum brakes were now fitted as standard to all models. From Graiseley, A.J.S. offered a range of seven models which included two sidecar outfits, both with the well known and fine 7.99h.p. ‘V’ twin engine. The model G1 sold for £80 and a de luxe version including dynamo lighting and electric horn was listed at £98. The top solo model, the G8, with a 498c.c. overhead valve engine cost £62.10s.0d. (£62.50) and the 350c.c. version sold for £53. The company’s cheapest machine, the 349c.c. side valve G5 was priced at £44.10s.0d. (£44.50).

Henry Meadows added a 1.5litre overhead valve engine to their comprehensive product range. The four cylinder engine was available in sporting or racing form and had cylinder dimensions of 69 x l00mm with a built-in four speed and reverse gearbox. The racing version had. a higher compression ratio, high lift cams and a maximum engine speed of over 400r.p.m. The Meadows’ engines found their way into some of the best British sports cars and enjoyed many competition successes.

We shall now return to the exciting world of motor and motorcycle racing and consider the two wheelers. 1924 saw the birth of the HRD, a machine with sporting tendencies. With a gaffer like Howard Davies it can be no surprise that the marque soon appeared on the race tracks. The first success was in March 1925 when T.L. Morton riding a 490c.c. HRD won a three lap race at Brooklands with an average speed of  83.28m.p.h. Success continued  when the one and only Bert le Vack set new British national one way records in classes ‘C’ and ‘D’, covering the flying mile at 104.44m.p.h. and the flying 5miles at l04.15m.p.h. He also won a 500c.c. championship race at over 97m.p.h., during which he had set new standing start 10 mile record at over 96m.p.h. His successes also included the first lap at over 100m.p.h. in a Brooklands race, for which he received the Buckley Cup.


Howard Davies cornering at Craig-ny-baa.

HRD made their T.T. debut in 1925 when Howard Davies entered two machines for the Junior and two for the Senior. They would be ridden by Harry Harris and Howard Davies himself.
Harris was a good steady rider and team man and with a little bit of luck was quite capable of being a winner. We must digress here a little to mention that H.F. Harris's son Pip would be one of the country’s leading sidecar road racers in the 1950s and could well have been world champion.

Other Wolverhampton T.T. entrants were A.J.S. and Sunbeam. Both companies entered five machines for the Junior race. A.J.S. entered four for the Senior and Sunbeam entered 8. In the sidecar race they both entered two machines. A.J.S. riders included Frank Longman, Jimmy Simpson and George Rowley who was making his T.T. debut. Sunbeam riders included  George Dance, Charlie Dodson, Les Randles and Italian Achille Varzi.

The practice runs for the Junior race produced some very fast times with no less than eight likely winners. The firm favourite was Wal Handley riding a Rex Acme but Jimmy Simpson and Freddie Dixon had both achieved excellent times and an exciting race was in prospect.

Many eyes were on the new HRD's which were very fast. Their JAP engines had been breathed on by great rider and wizard tuner Bert le Vack. Dixon took an early lead in the race with Handley second and Davies third. During the second lap Dixon retired and Simpson came into third spot, with Harris and Charlie Hough on an A.J.S. well up the field. Wal Handley went through to win at a record average speed of 65.02m.p.h., also setting a new lap record of 65.89m.p.h. He finished 3.5 minutes ahead of Davies's HRD with Simpson taking 3rd place, Hough 4th and Harris 5th. Dodson finished in 8th place and F.B. Testall came 9th. It now seemed that things were looking up again for the Wolverhampton machines and there could be no doubt that HRD was a force to be reckoned with.

Everyone now awaited the Senior race. Very fast times had been recorded in practice and it looked to be a very open race. The favourite was last year’s winner Alec Bennett who would again be riding a Norton. Right from the word go he took the lead, with the first lap completed in 33minutes 50 seconds. This was almost an average speed of 67m.p.h., the fastest ever run over the Mountain circuit at that time.

Howard Davies lay in 2nd place, a full 2 minutes 40seconds behind the leader, with Joe Craig on another Norton 3rd. Bennett’s Norton now began to develop brake trouble and he had to stop at the pit for adjustments. Meanwhile Davies took the lead. with a 12 second advantage over Craig. The heat was now on as Simpson turned the wick up on his A.J.S. to break the lap record with a time of 32 minutes 50 seconds, an average speed of 68.97m.p.h.

George Dance was also travelling very fast on his Sunbeam in 3rd place with Harris 5th on the second HRD. By now Bennett had rectified the brake problems and was going through the field like a house on fire and poor George Dance suffered mechanical trouble and had to retire. At the half way point Howard Davies had a 38 second lead on his HRD from Joe Craig on a Norton. A.J.S. riders Jimmy Simpson and Frank Longman were in 3rd and 4th places with Harry Harris lying 5th.

Lap 4 saw dramatic changes with both Craig and Simpson dropping out. Harris’s race also came to an end during the next lap when he retired with chain trouble. Soon the race was over with Howard Davies coming in 1st at a record time of 3 hours 25 minutes 25seconds, an average speed of 66.13m.p.h. Frank Longman came in 2nd on his A.J.S., three minutes behind Davies with Alec Bennett taking a well deserved 3rd place. Fastest and record lap fell to A.J.S. rider Jimmy Simpson who went round in 32 minutes 50 seconds, an average speed of 68.97m.p.h.

Sunbeam riders did not do so badly. Amateur T.T. winner Les Randles took 6th place, Charlie Waterhouse came 11th and Italian Achilli Varzi was 8th. He would ride in several more T.T.'s on Sunbeam and Guzzi machines but would then turn to car racing to become one of the greatest drivers of all time. The remaining Sunbeam ridden by F.B. Testall finished in 10th place.

The 1925 T.T. ended with the Lightweight and Sidecar races. No Wolverhampton machines took part in the Lightweight Race, but two A.J.S. and two Sunbeam outfits were entered for the Sidecar Race. The A.J.S. machines were driven by Jimmy Simpson and Frank Longman with Competition Manager Graham Walker and George Cowley for Sunbeam.

Whilst most of the machines were 600c.c. and the Sunbeams had overhead camshafts, the AJ's were of only 350c.c. and their riders were George Rowley and Leo Davenport, of whom we shall be hearing much more as the story progresses. The practice period had shown the Douglas’s to be very fast and they were first favourites to win.

Right from the start they dominated the race with Freddie Dixon leading from Freddie Hatton and Len Parker, all on the Bristol made twins. Dixon continued to lead until lap 3 when he retired with mechanical trouble, which let the Nortons through to 3rd and 4th places, and much to everyone’s surprise the A.J.S. outfits held 5th and 6th positions.

Hatton soon retired and Parker went on to win in 2 hours 44 minutes at an average speed of 55.22m.p.h. The Nortons of AE. Taylor and George Grinton finished in second and third places with Frank Longman and Jimmy Simpson in 4th and 5th positions on their A.J.S. outfits, a very good performance indeed. The fastest, and record breaking lap had fallen to Freddie Dixon at 57.18m.p.h.

Though the sidecar races had proved to be popular with spectators, the same cannot be said for the manufacturers, and the 1925 race would be the last until 1954 when it was over a much shorter course. It would be 1960 before the sidecars were seen on the mountain circuit again.

The 1925 T.T. week had been good for Wolverhampton. HRD had done exceedingly well taking 2nd and 5th places in the Junior and 1st in the Senior. Howard Davies must have been very happy. After several disappointing years, riding unsuccessfully on other manufacturers machines, he had pulled off a spectacular win in the Senior on a machine of his own design.

Whilst thinking of the men, we can mention George Rowley who became an A.J.S. legend. His father was machine shop manager at Graiseley, and of course young George was keen on motorcycles and racing from the word go. He made his T.T. debut in 1925 as an A.J.S. works team reserve, riding in both the Junior and Senior in place of an Australian rider who was injured in a practice run. He was also Jimmy Simpson’s passenger in the sidecar race. George Rowley would go on to ride in races throughout the world, succeeding in all branches of motorcycling, including trials, sprints, hill climbs, and motorcycle football. He rode only A.J.S. machines, and when production ceased in Wolverhampton he stayed on with the new owners and moved to their Plumstead Works. At the time the Collier brothers were not interested in racing, but he persuaded them to continue with the racing programme and the A.J.S. name continued to be famous in track events for many years to come.

Rowley rode in his last T.T. in 1939 and continued working for A.J.S. until his retirement.  His standing in the motorcycle world was confirmed in the late 1930s when he topped a poll in “Motorcycle Weekly” magazine to find the most popular competition rider

We will now return to 1925 and a brief look at the continental races in which the Wolverhampton machines enjoyed many successes. To begin with Frank Longman won the 500c.c. class of the French Grand Prix at Montlehery on an A.J.S. and AJ's came in 4th and 5th in the 350, and made a record lap. Longman also set a lap record in the Belgian G.P. which was marred by the fatal crash of Billy Hallowell, a young member of the A.J.S. team. His death was a very sad blow for the Stevens family as Billy was engaged to be married to Millie Stevens, George Stevens daughter.

We now move to Ireland for the Ulster Grand Prix where right from the start a cracking pace was set by H. Chambers riding an A.J.S. with J.G. Burney on a Royal Enfield in second place and J. Forsyth on his Sunbeam third.

Unfortunately Chambers and Forsyth later retired leaving Burney to go on to win by over 20 minutes from C. Anderson on a DOT. Third place went to J. Wade on an A.J.S. The 1925 Ulster had not been a good event for Wolverhampton machinery, but their day would soon come.

Before finishing with motorcycle racing in 1925 we shall look at the Amateur T.T. We have seen that Les Randles won the first two races riding Sunbeams and also noted his placing in the T.T. At that time it was permissible for a rider to compete in both T'.T.s and of course Randles was firm favourite to make it three in a row. During practice he had been putting in some very fast laps and on the race day itself he went off like a rocket, breaking the Amateur T.T. lap record from a standing start, and next time round breaking it again with a time of 34 minutes 24 seconds. An average speed of  63.9m.p.h., which by the way would not beaten until 1928 when Tim Hunt on a Norton pushed it over the 70m.p.h. mark.

On lap 3 the Sunbeam led by 29 seconds from R. Archibald and C.W. Provis, both on Nortons. Unfortunately Randles machine soon suffered from clutch trouble and he had to retire. Archibald took the lead, but this was not to last as he crashed at Hillberry. Provis now moved into first place but he retired on lap 4 at Crosby.  The lead was now taken by H.G. Dobbs on a Norton and he went on to win at an average speed of 59.98m.p.h. Norton riders also filled 2nd and 3rd places with H.Y. Potts finishing 8th on a Sunbeam. All of the other Sunbeam riders retired as did the four A.J.S. entries. Two HRD machines also competed. Sunbeam’s reign in the Amateur T.T. was over and though Wolverhampton made machines would never again win any of the September races they achieved some good placings in future years.

During 1925 Freddie Hicks started his racing career and soon had success riding a 350c.c. A.J.S. at Brooklands. He soon went over to Velocette and became an expert record breaker as well as a racing man. Later as we shall learn Hicks returned to the saddle of AJs and came to work at Graiseley.

Whilst road racing and record breaking were the glamorous side of motor sport, trials were very important and the Wolverhampton machines were very successful in this field. It would be quite impossible here to attempt to give a full picture of the successes, but we will mention that in the Christmas trial of the Birmingham Motor Cycle Club only 10 of the 51 competitors finished and 4 of them were Sunbeams. They had done well, the best solo performance being set up by G. Goodman; best sidecar by Alan Watson; whilst N.P.O. Bradley and R.G. Beesley were awarded gold medals. During the Year A.J.S. also did very well in the three major reliability trials; the International Six Days, the ACU Stock Trial, and the Scottish Six Days. They gained a team prize in each event and every A.J.S. entered received an award.

We will now take a look at the sporting achievements of Sunbeam cars in 1925. Early in the year one C.W. Hamilton had some success at Murinai Beach, New Zealand with a 1914 T.T. car, winning the 50mile New Zealand Cup Race at 80m.p.h. and breaking the Australasian 5 mile record at 100.22m.p.h., which was good going for an 11 year old car. Incidentally one of the 1914 T.T. Sunbeams is sti1l giving a good account of itself in vintage sports car racing events at the present time, 72 years after its first race.


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