Chapter Two Part Three


An advert from 1910.

Though not so well remembered as John Marston of Sunbeam or Edward Lisle of Star, James Burns Dumbell was also a very astute business man who from small beginnings built up a large and profitable business.

As we have seen Turner Motor Manufacturing Company obtained a licence to build Miesse steam cars which proved quite a success and in 1906 we find Mr. Dumbell their managing director writing to the press extolling the virtues of his cars with regard to the dust problem.

In those early days dust really was a nuisance and caused much antagonism against motorists. Numerous chemical compounds were brought out for spreading on the roads in an attempt to alleviate the problem, also many patent devices were placed on the market. The RAC organised trials of the various methods but none were really satisfactory. Mr. Dumbell wrote that the Turner Miesse cars caused little dust to be raised even at 25m.p.h. and over due to the car being built fairly high and having no engine flywheel revolving at high speed. Also no exhaust was sent out onto the ground at great force as was the case with petrol motors.

At about this time production of the steam car was going well. Turner's found themselves with some surplus capacity and undertook to build some petrol cars for Seymours, a London firm. The Seymour Turner cars which were exhibited at the 1906 Olympia Motor Show were about the largest cars that the firm would build. The 4.1 litre cars had four cylinders with dimensions of 100 x 130mm, high tension magneto, a four speed gearbox with direct drive on top and shaft drive. It would seem that these cars were only produced for about a year.

During the show a rumour got around that Turners were about to abandon steam cars in favour of the internal combustion engine. Mr. Dumbell was at pains to deny this and again wrote to the press strongly refuting the rumour and adding that his company were soon to produce a steam vehicle to carry 20 passengers as well as a two ton goods chassis.

In the event not many of these were made, though the steam car did continue for a number of years.


An early Turner steam car.

It can be seen that motoring was getting popular in Wolverhampton by a report of the Wolverhampton and District Automobile Club's opening meet of 1907, a run to Newport for tea. The cars assembled at West Park and of the 70 cars on parade, 32 were Sunbeams and 16 Stars. The Mayor, A.B. Bantock arrived in a Sunbeam and despite very poor weather most of the cars went off to Newport for tea.

By this time Sunbeam had gained an enviable reputation and were highly regarded motor cars and of the excellent quality expected of a John Marston product. Angus Shaw continued to design the cars and during 1909 brought out the 14/18 which had cylinder dimensions of 95 x 120mm giving an RAC rating of 22.4hp.

Features included a leather lined cone clutch, a final drive by side chains in oil bath chain cases, and was sold for £425. The product range included 20h.p. and 35h.p. models, the later costing £675. All were four cylinder motors with cylinders cast separately. Also listed, although not ready for production was a 14/20. This was Louis Coatalen's first design for Sunbeam.

Louis Coatalen had now been appointed Chief Engineer, a 30 year old Frenchman and brilliant automobile engineer. He had worked for a number of French motor firms before deciding to come to the UK. The French industry had been going for a considerable time and therefore had a lot of very competent engineers. The British industry was still in its development stage and so would offer much better prospects. Thomas Pullinger had taken much the same view and as we have seen also worked at Sunbeam.

On arrival in England Coatalen had found work with Charles Crowden, an engineer from Leamington Spa and a very early expert in mechanical road traction, being in the business before the turn of the century. Coatalen soon moved to Humber's Coventry works where he designed a number of successful cars. He then joined up with William Hillman to produce the Hillman-Coatalen cars, on one of these he finished 9th in the 1908 RAC Tourist Trophy.

It can be seen that Louis Coatalen was keen on motoring competitions being a firm believer that racing improves the breed. There would not be another T.T. until 1914 when as we shall see a Coatalen designed Sunbeam would be the winner.

Louis Coatalen left Hillman and joined Sunbeam as Chief Engineer, and as noted above his first design for them was the 14/20. The car received much praise from the technical press, for this was the first Sunbeam to have shaft drive. The engine had its four cylinders cast in pairs with 'T' heads and dimensions of 95 x l35mm. The car made its debut in the 1909 Scottish Six Days Trial running throughout without an involuntary stop of any kind. It was placed second in its class, whilst a chain drive model received an RAC certificate for lapping Brooklands at 57.67m.p.h. Production models began to reach the public during 1910.

In his first Year at Wolverhampton Coatalen also designed the 12/16, a four cylinder car with dimensions of 80 x 120mm and many novel features including forced feed lubrication without any external pipes on the engine. It had overdrive on top gear, and the pistons were drilled for lightness. Much attention was paid to clean inlet and exhaust ports and this made a very efficient engine capable of comparatively high r.p.m.

A car fitted with this engine was timed over the flying start half-mile during 1910 at 71.98mph. and press reports of the car were most complimentary. As noted above, Louis Coatalen was very keen on motor sport. Brooklands the famous Weybridge track opened in 1907 as the world's first purpose built motor racing track.

Would-be expert Coatalen had taken an interest in the goings on there and during the winter of 1909 prepared a car to compete at the track the following year. The car had a specially tuned four cylinder engine with dimensions of 92 x l60mm and sixteen overhead valves and two camshafts, one each side. These were operated by long pushrods and were driven by a chain. A very streamlined body was fitted and the car named 'Nautilus'. It first appeared at the Brooklands 1910 Easter Meeting and performed well, but a collision between two other competitors forced Coatalen to take avoiding action which put him out of the race. This though was not the first Sunbeam competition appearance at the track, for earlier in the day Louis Coatalen had driven a stripped l6h.p. touring car to win the Raglan Cup having covered the 8.5 miles at an average speed of 55.5m.p.h. Sunbeam cars now gained many, very many successes in competition, far more than it would be possible to record here, but mention can be made that two of the successful drivers at this time were N.F. Bayliss and L.V. Cozens.

For 1911 a new car was built for Brooklands, named 'Toodles II'. It had a more conventional single seater body but was considered mechanically daring, with chain driven single overhead camshaft and valves inclined from opposite sides of the cylinder head, operated by rocking levers. Very light steel pistons were fitted and the four cylinder engine had cylinder dimensions of 80 x 160mm. It proved very successful taking 22 prizes during 1911 and winning a match race against C. Bird's 60h.p. Napier. Remember the Sunbeam was rated at only l5.9h.p., but it won by half a mile over five miles at a speed of 83m.p.h. There were many more Sunbeam successes in 1911, but the following year would see the first really big international success for the Wolverhampton firm with Louis Coatalen as designer.

First though we must move back and consider what the Wolverhampton motorcycle firms had been doing.

Sometime around 1908 D.H.& S. Engineering of Sedg1ey Street, makers of the well known Diamond cycles decided to build motorcycles and the company became D.F.& M. from the initials of the founders, Dorsett, Ford and Mee.

The first Diamond motorcycles had imported FN engines, both single and twin cylinder versions being available. The ‘V’ twin was mounted inclined forward in the frame, the rear cylinder being near vertical to assist cooling. Overheating was something of a bogey on ‘V’ twins, it would not seem that all that many machines were made.

During 1912 patents were taken out for a very advanced design of motorcycle designed by Walter Ford, who was a very clever engineer and his advice was sought by many other motorcycle manufacturers. The 1912 design had a 2.75h.p. inlet over exhaust engine, in unit with a two speed gear. A bevel wheel drove two shafts, one of which drove the cone clutch, with a final chain drive.

The other actuated the valves with the chain fully enclosed. With most of the working parts also under cover this Diamond was a very clean looking machine.

It was listed at 50guineas (£52.50) but few were made, and just when sales should have been picking up the 1914 war put a stop to production. A pity for here was a machine that did deserve better sales.

Like most manufacturers Diamond supported competition events, and did quite well in reliability trials but were not really well known until the 1920s.

Mr. Dorset, of D.F & M was also connected with some other projects including a rather unorthodox motorcycle introduced in 1909; the Omega. Not to be confused with the better known machine of the same name made by W.J. Green of Coventry in the 1920s. The thinking behind the Wolverhampton machine was to attract those who would shy away from ordinary motor bicycles and it was very much on pedal cycle lines. Its 1.5h.p. air cooled side valve engine being mounted low in the frame of a heavyweight cycle in which the crankcase formed the bottom bracket. The ingenious feature being that the cycle pedalling gear passed through the crankshaft. The advantage of which is that the pedals were always in the most convenient position when needed, and the low engine position gave a low centre of gravity making the machine stable and not given to sideslip. The design also kept vibration to a minimum.


An Omega motor bicycle.

Another advanced feature of the Omega design was an epicyclic reduction gear and clutch contained within the crankcase. Transmission was by separate chains for power and pedalling which were enclosed in a gear case. The specification included an AMAC carburettor, Simms high tension magneto, Brooks saddle and Clincher or Palmer tyres to choice. The machine was finished in black, lined in 2 colours and made in St. James' Square, Wolverhampton. It weighed under 70lbs and cost 26 guineas(£27.30.).

Ladies and gents models were listed. For some reason this machine did not catch on and is thought to have been produced for only one year, though it was exhibited at the 1909 Stanley Show.

The Orbit also came from Sedgley Street and Mr. Dorsett was in someway concerned with it. Though it is said Orbits were available in 1913, like Diamond, it would be after the war before they became at all well known.


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